After nearly four months without a single case, Canada is now grappling with a sudden resurgence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), subtype H5N1. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) has confirmed 15 new outbreaks across six provinces in October 2025, marking a sharp reversal following a quiet summer.
- The resurgence began in September with five confirmed cases, coinciding with the seasonal return of migratory birds.
- Since then, the pace of infections has accelerated, with 13 of the 15 outbreaks occurring after October 6.
- This rapid spread highlights the vulnerability of both wild and domestic bird populations to the virus.
British Columbia, historically the hardest-hit province, reported its first new case of the year on October 14 at a commercial farm in Abbotsford. This prompted the reinstatement of an indoor housing order for poultry. Ontario also saw its first HPAI detection since March, affecting a commercial flock in Wellington County.
Other provinces impacted include:
- Alberta: One commercial flock in Warner County and two backyard flocks in Parkland and Rocky View counties.
- Manitoba: Three commercial flocks in Bifrost-Riverton, Ste. Rose, and Hanover.
- Saskatchewan: One commercial and one backyard flock in Bayne and Invergordon.
- Quebec: Two commercial flocks in Charlevoix-Est and Matawinie, plus one backyard flock in D’Autray County.
In total, 20 outbreaks have been reported nationwide since mid-September, affecting 16 commercial operations and four backyard flocks. Alberta accounts for nearly half of these cases, underscoring regional disparities in outbreak severity.
- The CFIA continues to emphasize that avian influenza is not a food safety concern, as there is no evidence that properly cooked poultry or eggs can transmit the virus to humans.
- However, the agency urges poultry owners to implement strict biosecurity measures and report any signs of illness in birds immediately.
This resurgence serves as a stark reminder of the persistent threat posed by avian influenza, especially during migratory seasons. Authorities are closely monitoring the situation and coordinating containment efforts to prevent further spread.
Sources: Available upon request