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ORAL LESIONS

Oral lesions are particularly prevalent in layers and breeders and can originate from different etiological agents.

Alkaline mycotoxins, such as type A trichothecenes, can cause epithelial lesions and increase the rate of cell turnover (see photo on the right).

Another factor related to food is granulometry, since small particles can obstruct the salivary ducts, causing subsequent oral lesions.

Other frequently ignored factors are, for example:

• Excess of organic acids
• Copper sulphate
• Malfunctioning of the dosing unit

They can be caused by spikes in the concentration of methionine and other components of the food, which end up causing injuries of this type.

MYCOTOXINS: T-2 Toxin or Diacetoxiscirpenol (DAS)

Potential causes

Positive samples to T-2 and / or DAS in the ingredients (ELISA) or the food (HPLC).

Origin of ingredients from a supplier / region with a history of T-2 / DAS contamination.

Histopathology: Proliferation of epithelial cells. Hepatic vacuolation.

Decline of productive indexes of the flock.

Corrective actions

Corroborate the average contamination levels.

Use an antimycotoxin additive at an adequate dosage.

Avoid contaminating silos and water / feed lines with stale, wet or moldy food.

FEED GRANULOMETRY

Potential causes

Regarding pellets:> 20% of fines.

Mash feed: Check the mean geometric diameter of the particles.

Histopathology: Presence of inflammatory cells and bacteria.

No drop in the productive indexes of the flock.

Corrective actions

Readjust the pelletizing process.

Increase the sieving size.

Using ligands in the pellet to improve its quality.

Liquid methionine

Potential causes

Dripping from the methionine injector into the mash preparation tank.

Histopathology: Infiltration of inflammatory cells. Necrotic lesions.

No drop in the productive indexes of the flock.

Corrective actions

Clean / replace the injectors.

ORGANIC ACIDS

Potential causes

Acid injector dripping into mixer preparation tank.

Histopathology: Infiltration of inflammatory cells. Necrotic lesions.

No drop in the productive indexes of the flock.

Corrective actions

Clean / replace the injectors.

Adjust the dosage of organic acids.

HIGH TEMPERATURES

Potential causes

Histopathology: Infiltration of inflammatory cells. Necrotic lesions.

Possible drop in the productive indexes of the flock.

Increased mortality.

Corrective actions

Supply vitamins with water.

Supply organic acids with water.

Increase the concentration of chlorine in the water.

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